Liu Shan
Shu Han · Three Kingdoms · 2nd ruler
蜀漢懷帝 Shǔ Hàn Huáidì劉禪 Liú Shàn
Wade–Giles: Shu Han Huai-ti · Liu Shan
Reigned 223–263 (40 years)
Reigned 40 years (223–263). Died at 65 (East Asian reckoning); cause of death unknown. 2nd ruler of Shu Han.
Facts
- Reign
- 223 – 263 (2nd ruler of Shu Han)
- Length of reign
- 40 years
- Born
- Unknown
- Died
- 271
- Age at accession
- 17
- Age at death
- 65
- Cause of death
- UnknownThe primary sources record no cause of death or clue to it
- Path to the throne
- Designated heirSucceeded the previous ruler of the same regime, who had chosen the heir (by testament, naming a crown prince, etc.)
- Predecessor
- Liu Bei
- Era names
- 建興 Jiànxīng (proclaimed 223)
- 延熙 Yánxī (proclaimed 238)
- 景耀 Jǐngyào (proclaimed 258)
- 炎興 Yánxīng (proclaimed 263)
Ages are given in East Asian reckoning (sui): a person is one year old at birth and gains a year at each New Year, so the figure is one or two years higher than the Western age.
During the reign
Number of times each event is recorded in the official histories. How each item is counted
- Era name changes
- 4
- General amnesties
- 13
- Empresses installed
- 2
- Crown princes deposed
- 0
- Personal campaigns
- 0
- Rebellions suppressed
- 5
- Rebellions faced
- 5
- Capital relocations
- 0